garment definition

[39], Excess inventory of clothing is sometimes destroyed to preserve brand value.[40]. Clothing designed to be worn by either sex is called unisex clothing. Muslim men traditionally wear white robes and a cap during prayers. [19] Some scientific research into the multiple functions of clothing in the first half of the 20th century, with publications such as J.C. Flügel's Psychology of Clothes in 1930,[18] and Newburgh's seminal Physiology of Heat Regulation and The Science of Clothing in 1949. Fashion shows are events for designers to show off new and often extravagant designs. Some clothing protects from specific hazards, such as insects, noxious chemicals, weather, weapons, and contact with abrasive substances. Mass-manufactured clothing is less expensive than the labor required to repair it. Jeans in the Western dress code are worn by both men and women. Specialized garments include wet suits (for swimming, diving or surfing), salopettes (for skiing) and leotards (for gymnastics). The majority of unisex clothing styles have started out as menswear, but some articles, like the fedora, were originally worn by women. Principal Translations: Inglés: Español: garment n noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. Although mechanization transformed most aspects of human industry by the mid-20th century, garment workers have continued to labor under challenging conditions that demand repetitive manual labor. Articles of clothing Muslim women wear for modesty range from the head-scarf to the burqa. Appropriate clothes can also reduce risk during activities such as work or sport. Body lice are an indicator of clothes-wearing, since most humans have sparse body hair, and lice thus require human clothing to survive. They have, until now, skirted around the issue. The use of animal fur in clothing dates to prehistoric times. In most cultures, gender differentiation of clothing is considered appropriate. From the outside, sun damage, moisture, abrasion, and dirt assault garments. Legend: = Day (before 6 p.m.) = Evening (after 6 p.m.)    = Bow tie colour = Ladies. Alim Khan's bemedaled robe sends a social message about his wealth, status, and power. For example, coats, hats, gloves and other outer layers are normally removed when entering a warm place. Christian clergy members wear religious vestments during liturgical services and may wear specific non-liturgical clothing at other times. Humans have developed many specialized methods for laundering, ranging from early methods of pounding clothes against rocks in running streams, to the latest in electronic washing machines and dry cleaning (dissolving dirt in solvents other than water). Men may sometimes choose to wear men's skirts such as togas or kilts in particular cultures, especially on ceremonial occasions. Mass-produced clothing is often made in what are considered by some to be sweatshops, typified by long work hours, lack of benefits, and lack of worker representation. Outsourcing production to low wage countries like Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Sri Lanka became possible when the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) was abolished. She skirted around the edge of the room to the door. These remnants can also be reused to make patchwork hats, vests, and skirts. Exemplos: el televisor, un piso. Costume history can inspire current fashion designers, as well as costumiers for plays, films, television, and historical reenactment. Someone who lacks the means to procure reasonable clothing due to poverty or affordability, or simply lack of inclination, is sometimes said to be scruffy, ragged, or shabby.[17]. Worn clothing, if not cleaned and refurbished, itches, becomes outworn, and loses its aesthetics and functionality (as when buttons fall off, seams come undone, fabrics thin or tear, and zippers fail). Men are typically allowed to bare their chests in a greater variety of public places. Red carpet fashion: Italian actors Gabriel Garko and Laura Torrisi wearing designer dress code, 2009. [28], Clothing presents a number of challenges to historians. Many people buy a new piece of clothing rather than spend time mending. Although modern consumers may take the production of clothing for granted, making fabric by hand is a tedious and labor-intensive process involving fiber making, spinning, and weaving. A garment … There are several unique styles of jeans found which include: high rise jeans, mid rise jeans, low rise jeans, bootcut jeans, straight jeans, cropped jeans, skinny jeans, cuffed jeans, boyfriend jeans, and capri jeans. ", European Parliamentary Research Service. The Western dress code has changed over the past 500+ years. Tactile comfort: The tactile comfort is related to the friction between the clothes and the body. In the thousands of years that humans have been making clothing, they have created an astonishing array of styles, many of which have been reconstructed from surviving garments, photos, paintings, mosaics, etc., as well as from written descriptions. [citation needed], The production of textiles has functioned as a consistent industry for developing nations, providing work and wages, whether construed as exploitative or not, to millions of people.[33]. Most modern formal and semi-formal clothing is in this category (for example, dress shirts and suits). Common sportswear garments include shorts, T-shirts, tennis shirts, leotards, tracksuits, and trainers. What qualifies as "modest" varies in different Muslim societies; however, women are usually required to cover more of their bodies than men. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Airtight containers (such as sealed, heavy-duty plastic bags) may also deter insect pest damage to clothing materials. Globally, used clothes are worth $4 billion[37] with the US as the leading exporter at $575 million. The choice of clothes also has social implications. It is also sold to consignment shops, dress agencies, flea markets, and in online auctions. For example, most Korean men and women have adopted Western-style dress for daily wear, but still wear traditional hanboks on special occasions, like weddings and cultural holidays. A garment hanging from the waist and worn especially by... 2. Aesthetic comfort: Color, style, garment fitting, fashion compatibility, fabric construction, and finish of clothing material satisfies visual perception. Trousers were once seen as exclusively men's clothing, but nowadays are worn by both genders. Jewish ritual also requires rending of one's upper garment as a sign of mourning. Clothing suffers assault both from within and without. Clothing made of textiles or skins are subject to decay, and the erosion of physical integrity can be seen as a loss of cultural information. Achkan sherwani and churidar (lower body) worn by Arvind Singh Mewar and his kin during a Hindu wedding in Rajasthan, India. Traditionally, these clothes were worn by the elites of the Indian subcontinent. Clothes provide aesthetic comfort, thermal comfort, moisture comfort, tactile comfort, and pressure comfort.[9]. Not all body coverings are regarded as clothing. Clothing is typically made of fabrics or textiles but over time has included garments made from animal skin or other thin sheets of materials put together. Archeologists have identified very early sewing needles of bone and ivory from about 30,000 BC, found near Kostenki, Russia in 1988. [5], According to archaeologists and anthropologists, the earliest clothing likely consisted of fur, leather, leaves, or grass that were draped, wrapped, or tied around the body. In some cultures, sumptuary laws regulate what men and women are required to wear. The amount and type of clothing worn depends on gender, body type, social, and geographic considerations. Neutral colored or undyed cellulose fibers can be recycled into paper. For other uses, see, The examples and perspective in this article, Clothing generally not worn today, except in historical settings, Working conditions in the garments industry, Baradel, Lacey. To lie along, move along, or be an edge or a border. 2. A resin used for making non-wrinkle shirts releases formaldehyde, which could cause contact dermatitis for some people; no disclosure requirements exist, and in 2008 the U.S. Government Accountability Office tested formaldehyde in clothing and found that generally the highest levels were in non-wrinkle shirts and pants. Serious books on clothing and its functions appear from the 19th century as imperialists dealt with new environments such as India and the tropics. EU member states exported €116 billion of clothes in 2018, including 77% to other EU member states. People may wear ethnic or national dress on special occasions or in certain roles or occupations. It is generally common for a woman to wear clothing perceived as masculine, while the opposite is seen as unusual. [1][2][3][4], Ralf Kittler, Manfred Kayser and Mark Stoneking, anthropologists at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, conducted a genetic analysis of human body lice that suggests clothing originated around 170,000 years ago. By the early years of the 21st century, western clothing styles had, to some extent, become international styles. ", Steven Zdatny, "The Boyish Look and the Liberated Woman: The Politics and Aesthetics of Women's Hairstyles. Coalitions of NGOs, designers (including Katharine Hamnett, American Apparel, Veja, Quiksilver, eVocal, and Edun) and campaign groups like the Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC) and the Institute for Global Labour and Human Rights as well as textile and clothing trade unions have sought to improve these conditions as much as possible by sponsoring awareness-raising events, which draw the attention of both the media and the general public to the workers. In Western societies, skirts, dresses, and high-heeled shoes are usually seen as women's clothing, while neckties are usually seen as men's clothing. Certain types of insects and larvae feed on clothing and textiles, such as the black carpet beetle and clothing moths. They cover parts of the body that social norms require to be covered, act as a form of adornment, and serve other social purposes. A Tongan man may combine a used T-shirt with a Tongan wrapped skirt, or tupenu. Industrial sewing operations sell these as waste; home sewers may turn them into quilts. Some clothing is permanent press, having been treated with a coating (such as polytetrafluoroethylene) that suppresses wrinkles and creates a smooth appearance without ironing. Women wore dresses all day, everyday. Sometimes it is worn only during the performance of religious ceremonies. Modern European fashion treats cloth much less conservatively, typically cutting in such a way as to leave various odd-shaped cloth remnants. Such garments were (in previous times) often worn as normal daily clothing by men. www.europarl.europa.eu/EPRS/140841REV1-Workers-conditions-in-the-textile-and-clothing-sector-just-an-Asian-affair-FINAL.pdf. It is associated with smoothness, roughness, Pressure comfort: It is the comfort of the human body's pressure receptors' (present in skin) sensory response towards clothing. Many people wore, and still wear, garments consisting of rectangles of cloth wrapped to fit – for example, the dhoti for men and the sari for women in the Indian subcontinent, the Scottish kilt and the Javanese sarong. According to Professor Kiki Smith of Smith College, garments preserved in collections are resources for study similar to books and paintings. Knowledge of such clothing remains inferential, since clothing materials deteriorate quickly compared to stone, bone, shell and metal artifacts. Most sports and physical activities are practiced wearing special clothing, for practical, comfort or safety reasons. A study Hollies infers, when more than 50–65% of the body surface is wet, it feels uncomfortable. The man is in suit and the woman is wearing a gown. Paris set the fashion trends for Europe and North America 1900–1940. (clothing) vestido nm nombre masculino: Sustantivo de género exclusivamente masculino, que lleva los artículos el o un en singular, y los o unos en plural. EU Member States import, in 2018 €166 billion of clothes; 51% come from outside the EU €84 billion. Clothing appears in numerous contexts in the Bible; the most prominent passages are: the story of Adam and Eve who made coverings for themselves out of fig leaves, Joseph's cloak, Judah and Tamar, Mordecai and Esther. In most parts of the world, not wearing clothes in public so that genitals, breasts or buttocks are visible could be considered indecent exposure. Fast fashion clothing has also become a global phenomenon. In Western societies, used clothing is often thrown out or donated to charity (such as through a clothing bin). When the raw material – cloth – was worth more than labor, it made sense to expend labor in saving it. In ancient Rome, for example, only senators could wear garments dyed with Tyrian purple. [27] The textile curator Linda Baumgarten writes that "clothing provides a remarkable picture of the daily lives, beliefs, expectations, and hopes of those who lived in the past. A second group of researchers using similar genetic methods estimate that clothing originated between 114,000 and 30,000 years ago. To deter such pests, clothes may be stored in cedar-lined closets[34] or chests, or placed in drawers or containers with materials having pest repellent properties, such as lavender or mothballs. Wearing clothes is also a social norm, and connotes modesty. Jewelry was less conspicuous. PETA, along with other animal rights and animal liberation groups have called attention to fur farming and other practices they consider cruel. If the fabric is expensive, the tailor tries to use every bit of the cloth rectangle in constructing the clothing; perhaps cutting triangular pieces from one corner of the cloth, and adding them elsewhere as gussets. [citation needed]. [38], Synthetics, which come primarily from petrochemicals, are not renewable or biodegradable. [23] Scholars around the world have studied a wide range of topics, including the history of specific items of clothing,[24][25] clothing styles in different cultural groups[26] and the business of clothing and fashion. Another approach involves measuring, cutting, and sewing the cloth by hand or with a sewing machine. Used clothing is also often collected on an industrial scale to be sorted and shipped for re-use in poorer countries. Some human cultures, such as the various peoples of the Arctic Circle, traditionally make their clothing entirely of prepared and decorated furs and skins. For example, Jains and Muslim men wear unstitched cloth pieces when performing religious ceremonies. Hot water washing (boiling), chemical cleaning and ironing are all traditional methods of sterilizing fabrics for hygiene purposes. More recently, studies involving the evolution of body lice have pointed to a more recent development, implying the use of clothes around 170,000 years ago with others indicating as little as 40,000. India for example has not ratified sections 87 and 92 of the treaty. Fleas and lice can hide in seams. These garments are less expensive, mass-produced Western clothing. Shelter can reduce the functional need for clothing. Originating from ancient India, these robes were worn by fully ordained Buddhist monks and nuns. 3rd Duke of Fife wearing a traditional Scottish kilt (1984). The part of a garment, such as a dress or coat, that hangs freely from the waist down. See more. Ironed clothes are believed to look clean, fresh, and neat. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. Other cultures supplemented or replaced leather and skins with cloth: woven, knitted, or twined from various animal and vegetable fibers including wool, linen, cotton, silk, hemp, and ramie. However, it may also be worn every day as a marker for special religious status. Some religious clothing might be considered a special case of occupational clothing. Clerical clothing worn by Catholic priests. Unisex clothes, such as T-shirts, tend to be cut straighter to fit a wider variety of bodies. [18] In many societies, norms about clothing reflect standards of modesty, religion, gender, and social status. a base camp on the skirt of the mountain. It is currently associated in developed countries with expensive, designer clothing, although fur is still used by indigenous people in arctic zones and higher elevations for its warmth and protection. Articles carried rather than worn (such as purses), worn on a single part of the body and easily removed (scarves), worn purely for adornment (jewelry), or those that serve a function other than protection (eyeglasses), are normally considered accessories rather than clothing. Different cultures have evolved various ways of creating clothes out of cloth. ", Simon Bliss, "'L’intelligence de la parure': Notes on Jewelry Wearing in the 1920s. Also, spandex materials are often used as base layers to soak up sweat. However, most clothing consists of cloth, and most cloth can be laundered and mended (patching, darning, but compare felt). Donated used clothing from Western countries are also delivered to people in poor countries by charity organizations. The cloth remains uncut, and people of various sizes can wear the garment. The MFA, which placed quotas on textiles imports, was deemed a protectionist measure. The periphery of a city or town.Used in plural: He broke off in mid-approach and with a show of teeth snarled himself back and away from the windblown, Turning her mother's head this way and that, she fastened on the cap and, hurriedly kissing her gray hair, ran back to the maids who were turning up the hem of her, He lay like that for a long time, wiping his eyes on the fur of his coat and tucking under his knee the right, The New Woman of the future will be the woman with the petticoats, she who shall restore the ancient Eleusinian mysteries of the silk, A double-breasted jacket of some dark frieze-like material fitted closely to her figure, while her straight blue, I, who had been hailed Prince of the Oyster Pirates, who could go anywhere in the world as a man amongst men; who could sail boats, lay aloft in black and storm, or go into the toughest hang-outs in sailor town and play my part in any rough- house that started or call all hands to the bar--I didn't know the first thing I might say or do with this slender little chit of a girl-woman whose scant, She wore a costume that struck the boy as being remarkably brilliant: her silken waist being of emerald green and her, Straight into the branches of a tree she went, true to the arboreal instincts of the little mangani she had been, and here she stripped off her riding, And so what I'm thinking is, if all duennas, of whatever sort or condition they may be, are plagues and busybodies, what must they be that are distressed, like this Countess Three-skirts or Three-tails!- for in my country. The Buddha wearing kāṣāya robes. Clothing can be cut from a sewing pattern and adjusted by a tailor to the wearer's measurements. Among the more popular include Marc Jacobs and Gucci, named for Marc Jacobs and Guccio Gucci respectively. In some societies, clothing may be used to indicate rank or status. A Hindu North Indian wedding, with the groom wearing a sherwani and pagri turban, while the bride in a sari. Furthermore, the priests officiating in the Temple in Jerusalem had very specific garments, the lack of which made one liable to death. Being deprived of clothing in front of others may be embarrassing.

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