mosquée okba ibn nafaa kairouan

Near its centre is an horizontal sundial, bearing an inscription in naskhi engraved on the marble dating from 1258 AH (which corresponds to the year 1843) and which is accessed by a little staircase; it determines the time of prayers. On ne peut pas rentrer à l'intérieur, Cette version de notre site internet s'adresse aux personnes parlant français en France. There are large rents for the maintenance of teachers. The university, consisting of scholars who taught in the mosque, was a centre of education both in Islamic thought and in the secular sciences. The minbar, situated on the right of the mihrab, is used by the imam during the Friday or Eids sermons, is a staircase-shaped pulpit with an upper seat, reached by eleven steps, and measuring 3.93 metres' length to 3.31 metres in height. Among the Western travelers, poets and writers who visited Kairouan, some of them leave impressions and testimonies sometimes tinged with emotion or admiration on the mosque. Son successeur est Abou al-Mouhajir Dinar. The combination formed by the courtyard and the galleries that surround it covers an immense area whose dimensions are about 90 metres long and 72 metres in width. [42] The great central arch of the south portico, is flanked on each side by six rhythmically arranged horseshoe arches, which fall on twin columns backed by pillars. [26], The current state of the mosque can be traced back to the Aghlabid period—no element is earlier than the ninth century besides the mihrab—except for some partial restorations and a few later additions made in 1025 during the Zirid period,[27] 1248 and 1293–1294 under the reign of the Hafsids,[28] 1618 at the time of Muradid beys,[29] and in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. [51], The interior includes a staircase of 129 steps, surmounted by a barrel vault, which gives access to the terraces and the first tier of the minaret. kairouan tunisie mosquée okba ibn nafaa. This reflects the fact that, unlike the rest of the mosque, the enclosure has undergone significant changes to ensure the stability of the building (adding many buttresses). La Grande Mosquée de Kairouan ressemble à une forteresse avec des murs extérieurs de près de 2 mètres d’épaisseur. plus. Grande Mosquée de Kairouan: Mosquée Okba Ibnou Nafaâ - consultez 524 avis de voyageurs, 786 photos, les meilleures offres et comparez les prix pour Kairouan, Tunisie sur Tripadvisor. [77], The mihrab, which indicates the Qibla (direction of Mecca), in front of which stands the imam during the prayer, is located in the middle of the southern wall of the prayer hall. [49] The first and second stories are surmounted by rounded merlons which are pierced by arrowslits. Oqba reprend son poste de commandement en 681, sous le règne du calife Yazid Ier[7],[8]. Les matériaux qui ont servi à sa construction, provienne tout en effet de site antique appartenant à diverses époques antérieures à la conquête islamique, cependant que l’allure générale de l’édifice en particulier le minaret, reflète une lointaine influence orientale. Oxford, 1977, Trudy Ring, Robert M. Salkin and Sharon La Boda, « Kairouan (Tunisia) », Présentation de la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan (ArchNet), Plafonds de la salle de prière de la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan, Mihrab of the Great Mosque of Kairouan (Qantara), Minbar of the Great Mosque of Kairouan (Qantara), "Maqsura of the Great Mosque of Kairouan (Qantara)", Circular chandelier (Discover Islamic Art), Nurdin Laugu, « The Roles of Mosque Libraries through History », Al-Jami‘ah, vol. Among the finest works of this series, the pages of the Blue Qur'an, currently exhibited at Raqqada National Museum of Islamic Art, from a famous Qur'an in the second half of the fourth century of the Hegira (the tenth century) most of which is preserved in Tunisia and the rest scattered in museums and private collections worldwide. [11] This location corresponded originally to the heart of the urban fabric of the city founded by Uqba ibn Nafi. [85], The library is near located, accessible by a door which the jambs and the lintel are carved in marble, adorned with a frieze of floral decoration. The intermediary area, the dodecagonal drum of the dome, is pierced by sixteen small rectangular windows set into rounded niches. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the. Thus, the mosque, headquarters of a prestigious university with a large library containing a large number of scientific and theological works, was the most remarkable intellectual and cultural centre in North Africa during the ninth, tenth and eleventh centuries. Ifriqiya to the emerging Moslem empire. Ils vous colleront à la peau, au lieu d'une visité guidée ils vous conduiront droit vers les marchands de tapis qui leur donnent un pourcentage. Mosquée Okba Ibn Nafaa : Prière de l'absent pour les militaires tués à Jebel Chaambi . Contrairement à la plupart des autres mosquées ses dimensions ne sont pas régulières. [44], View of the courtyard on the side of the prayer hall facade, Porch topped with a ribbed dome rising in the middle of the south portico of the courtyard, Courtyard seen from one of the arched galleries, Portico located on the eastern side of the courtyard, Interior view of the eastern portico of the courtyard, Interior view of the western portico of the courtyard. Jewel of the art of woodwork produced during the reign of the Zirid prince Al-Mu'izz ibn Badis and dated from the first half of the eleventh century, it is considered the oldest still in place in the Islamic world. Il prend partout soin d’assurer l’autorité de l’Islam. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) The beginning of each surah is indicated by a band consisting of a golden stylised leafy foliage, dotted with red and blue, while the verses are separated by silver rosettes. In the history of Art, its three-storey minaret is considered such a masterpiece and a model among the most prestigious monuments of Muslim architecture. The maqsura, located near the minbar, consists of a fence bounding a private enclosure that allows the sovereign and his senior officials to follow the solemn prayer of Friday without mingling with the faithful. It was Il installe le camp dans une plaine, à environ 160 km au sud de l'actuelle Tunis et à 60 km de la côte encore dominée par les Byzantins et loin des montagnes, bastion de la résistance berbère. Kairouan est aussi considérée comme la quatrième ville sainte de l’islam sunnite, figurant depuis le décret beylical du 13 Mars 1912 sur la liste des monuments historiques et archéologiques classés et protégés en Tunisie, d’où elle a été classée avec l’ensemble historique au patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO en 1988. If one refers to the story of Al-Bakri, an Andalusian historian and geographer of the eleventh century, it is the mihrab which would be done by Uqba Ibn Nafi, the founder of Kairouan, whereas Lucien Golvin shares the view that it is not an old mihrab but hardly a begun construction which may serve to support marble panels and either goes back to work of Ziadet Allah I (817–838) or to those of Abul Ibrahim around the years 862–863. J'ai été subjugué par la beauté et toute la spiritualité qu'on ressent dans cette mosquée. Historiquement, a ville de Kairouan est a première métropole du Maghreb dont l‘apogée sur les plans politiques et intellectuels se situe au 9ème siècle, elle est réputée comme étant le centre spirituel et religieux de la Tunisie. [46] Freed from its impurities, the water flows into an underground cistern supported by seven-metre-high pillars. One may conceivably compare its role to that of the University of Paris during the Middle Ages. Un local nous y a emmenés, et on a juste fait un tour rapide dans la boutique, où le thé à la menthe nous a été offert. its perfect harmony masking a unique architectural [90], Coordinates: 35°40′53″N 10°06′14″E / 35.68139°N 10.10389°E / 35.68139; 10.10389, Wilfrid Knapp and Nevill Barbour, North West Africa : a political and economic survey, l’une des principales mosquées de Tunisie, est considérée comme le plus ancien et le plus prestigieux monument musulman au Maghreb. [12] The front façade of the porch has a large horseshoe arch relied on two marble columns and surmounted by a frieze adorned with a blind arcade, all crowned by serrated merlons (in a sawtooth arrangement). C’est le plus ancien édifice religieux islamique érigé dans l’Occident musulman. Covered with a thick coating completely painted, the concavity of the arch is decorated with intertwined scrolls enveloping stylised five-lobed vine leaves, three-lobed florets and sharp clusters, all in yellow on midnight blue background.[81]. …. [49], The door giving access to the minaret is framed by a lintel and jambs made of recycled carved friezes of antique origin. Excursion d’une journée à Kairouan et à El... Visite privée d'une journée, amphithéâtre... Excursion d'une journée Kairouan départ de... Tunisia 3 Days 2 Nights Sahara Tour (Private... Grandes excursions et circuits sur plusieurs jours. [45] The northern part of the courtyard is paved with flagstones while the rest of the floor is almost entirely composed of white marble slabs. The Great Mosque of Kairouan is a singular monument, D'après le récit d'Ibn Khaldoun, « ce fut Kahina qui poussa les Berbères de Tehouda à tuer Oqba Ibn Nafi pendant qu’il traversait la plaine qui s’étend au midi de l'Aurès »[10]. having chosen the location of the “military The portico on the south side of the courtyard, near the prayer hall, includes in its middle a large dressed stone pointed horseshoe arch which rests on ancient columns of white veined marble with Corinthian capitals. the direction of Mecca, or carved on the precious L’université zaytounienne et la société tunisienne, [48] It is located inside the enclosure and does not have direct access from the outside. The crowns of light are marked by Byzantine influence to which the Kairouanese artisan brought the specificities of Islamic decorative repertoire (geometric and floral motifs). This dome, whose construction goes back to the first half of the ninth century (towards 836), is one of the oldest and most remarkable domes in the western Islamic world. In the courtyard there are also several water wells some of which are placed side by side. It is longer (127.60 metres) on the east side than the west (125.20 metres), and shorter on the north side (72.70 metres) than the south (78 metres). Several centuries after its founding, the Great Mosque of Kairouan is the subject of numerous descriptions by Arab historians and geographers in the Middle Ages. Visite de la moquée fin Mars, et très peu de touristes.Entrée gratuite pour seulement les musulmans, sinon billet à 10 Dinars incluant la visite d'autres sites.On ne peut rentrer dans la salle de prières, dommage !Superbe vue depuis le toit d'un magasin de tapis situé tout près. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, Door of the minaret of the Great Mosque of Kairouan, Association des anciens de la mosquée Zitouna photo2 جمعية قدماء جامع الزيتونة.jpg, Cimitiere avec minaret grande mosque'e.JPG, Cour de la grande Mosquée de Kairouan 09, juin 2013.jpg, Cour de la grande Mosquée de Kairouan 10, juin 2013.jpg, Cour et minaret de la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan, 1880.png, Cour et minaret de la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan.jpg, Cours intérieure de la grande mosquée de Kairouen.JPG, Courtyard and minaret of the Great Mosque of Kairouan, Tunisia.jpg, Courtyard of the Great Mosque of Kairouan - cour de la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan.jpg, Courtyard of the Great Mosque Okba of Kairouan.jpg, ETH-BIB-Gr. En 670, le calife Muawiya congédie Ibn Hudaydj et nomme Oqba ibn Nafi en tant que commandant en chef des forces arabes de l'Ifriqiya. [40][41] It is surrounded on all its four sides by a portico with double rows of arches, opened by slightly horseshoe arches supported by columns in various marbles, in granite or in porphyry, reused from Roman, Early Christian or Byzantine monuments particularly from Carthage. [60] Although the shafts are of varying heights, the columns are ingeniously arranged to support fallen arches harmoniously. Bâti initialement par le générale Okba Ibn NAfaa en 670, l’emplacement du « cantonnement » Al Qayrawân (ville fondée, agrandie et reconstruite entre le 8ème et le 9ème siècle)dans lequel il installa ses troupes dans la foulée d’une première offensive victorieuse, s’empressa d’y ériger un siège pour le gouvernement de la province ifriqiyenne et un oratoire en briques cures qui au 9ème siècle, après plusieurs réaménagement et à quelques détails près, se présenta sous l’apparence que nous connaissons aujourd’hui à la Grande Mosquée qui est considérée dans le Maghreb, comme l’ancêtre de toutes les Mosquées de la région aussi bien que l’un des plus important monuments islamiques et un chef-d’œuvre universel d’architecture. Découvrez La Tunisie autrement : Il y a tant de choses à découvrir dans chaque région de la Tunisie : des paysages contrastés, un littoral long de 1250 km parsemé d’îles et d’archipels, des traditions et coutumes diverses, un riche héritage historique. Located in the north-east of the medina of Kairouan, the mosque is in the intramural district of Houmat al-Jami (literally "area of the Great Mosque"). The horseshoe arch of the mihrab, stilted and broken at the top, rest on two columns of red marble with yellow veins, which surmounted with Byzantine style capitals that carry two crossbeams carved with floral patterns, each one is decorated with a Kufic inscription in relief. In 1967, major restoration works, executed during five years and conducted under the direction of the National Institute of Archeology and Art, were achieved throughout the monument, and were ended with an official reopening of the mosque during the celebration of the Mawlid of 1972.[30]. [12][37] However, Arab geographers and historians of the Middle Ages Al-Muqaddasi and Al-Bakri reported the existence, around the tenth and eleventh centuries, of about ten gates named differently from today. Their edges, obtained from the lower parts of ancient cored columns,[47] support the string grooves back the buckets. Established by the Arab general Uqba ibn Nafi in the year 50 AH (670AD/CE) at the founding of the city of Kairouan, the mosque occupies an area of over 9,000 square metres (97,000 sq ft). 1–38, History of Medieval Arabic and Western European domes, Great Mosque of Kairouan (discoverislamicart.org), Great Mosque of Kairouan – Kairouan, Tunisia, The Great Mosque (kairouan-cci2009.nat.tn). He then made the mihrab. L’association des imams de Kairouan a annoncé que la prière de l’absent sera faite pour les militaires tués lors du massacre survenus, lundi 29 juillet, à Jebel Chaambi. également orthographié Oqba ibn Nafe, Oqba ibn al-Nafia, ou Akbah. [88], At the time of its greatest splendor, between the ninth and eleventh centuries AD, Kairouan was one of the greatest centres of Islamic civilisation and its reputation as a hotbed of scholarship covered the entire Maghreb. [82] Among all the pulpits of the Muslim world, it is certainly the oldest example of minbar still preserved today. Poser une question à Aymen_juve à propos de Grande Mosquée de Kairouan, En rapport avec des éléments que vous avez consultés. page 118, Mahmud Abd al-Mawla, Le tout forme un ensemble original aux traits sobres mais non dépourvus d’élégance. Elle fut reconnue comme ayant disparu de La Mecque quelques années auparavant et quand elle a été extraite du sable, une source est apparue, avec des eaux qui sembleraient provenir de la même source que le puits sacré Zamzam à La Mecque. In 836, Emir Ziyadat Allah I reconstructed the mosque once more:[21] this is when the building acquired, at least in its entirety, its current appearance. Plus de 50 000 fidèles, venus des quatre coins de la Tunisie, se sont dirigés hier soir vers la mosquée Okba Ibn Nafâa de Kairouan pour célébrer, dans ce qui est considéré comme le quatrième lieu saint de l’Islam, Laylat al-Qadr (la Nuit du Destin). »[36], Today, the enclosure of the Great Mosque of Kairouan is pierced by nine gates (six opening on the courtyard, two opening on the prayer hall and a ninth allows access to the maqsura) some of them, such as Bab Al-Ma (gate of water) located on the western façade, are preceded by salient porches flanked by buttresses and surmounted by ribbed domes based on square tholobate which are porting squinches with three vaults. [13] Despite the austere façades, the rhythmic patterns of buttresses and towering porches, some surmounted by cupolas, give the sanctuary a sense of striking sober grandeur. [39] Despite its construction at the end of the thirteenth century, Bab Lalla Rihana blends well with all of the building mainly dating from the ninth century. Appelée également  « Mosquée Okba ibn Nafaa » en souvenir de son fondateur Okba Ibn Nafaa est l’une des principales mosquée en Tunisie. The courtyard is a vast trapezoidal area whose interior dimensions are approximately 67 by 52 metres. to this day. [64], Enlightened by impressive chandeliers which are applied in countless small glass lamps,[65] the nave opens into the south portico of the courtyard by a monumental delicately carved wooden door, made in 1828 under the reign of the Husainids. [84] This old chair of the ninth century is still in its original location, next to the mihrab. À la suite de cette défaite écrasante, ses armées évacuent Kairouan, et se retirent à Barqa, dans l'actuelle Libye[9]. A legend says they could not count them without going blind. The wall of the mihrab is covered with 28 panels of white marble, carved and pierced, which have a wide variety of plant and geometric patterns including the stylised grape leaf, the flower and the shell. Le Mihrâb est coiffé d’une belle coupole. »[32], At the same time, the doctor and Anglican priest Thomas Shaw (1692–1751),[33] touring the Tunis Regency and passes through Kairouan in 1727, described the mosque as that: "which is considered the most beautiful and the most sacred of Berberian territories", evoking for example: "an almost unbelievable number of granite columns".[34]. Thus, some entries have been sealed, while others were kept. [80] Above the marble cladding, the mihrab niche is crowned with a half dome-shaped vault made of manchineel bentwood. As for its internal decoration, it can be termed [14] Access to the courtyard by six side entrances dating from the ninth and thirteenth centuries. Si vous habitez un autre pays ou une autre région, merci de choisir la version de Tripadvisor appropriée pour votre pays ou région dans le menu déroulant. These polycandelons, now scattered in various Tunisian museums including Raqqada, consist of three chains supporting a perforated brass plate, which has a central circular ring around which radiate 18 equidistant poles connected by many horseshoe arches and equipped for each of two landmarks flared. Toutefois, Oqba assurera l'occupation permanente[5] à travers les déserts égyptiens et la création de postes militaires à intervalles réguliers le long de son itinéraire. Oqba Ibn Nafi (en arabe : عقبة بن نافع (ʿOqba ibn Nāfiʿ) [note 1]), né en 622 à La Mecque (actuelle Arabie saoudite), et mort en 683 à Sidi Okba (actuelle Algérie) [1], est un gouverneur et général arabe au service du califat des Rachidoune sous le règne d'Omar, puis plus tard, le califat omeyyade sous les règnes de Muawiya I er et Yazid I er. 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The height difference is compensated by the development of variable bases, capitals and crossbeams; a number of these crossbeams are in cedar wood. Ce camp, dans la ligne de confrontation entre Byzantins et Musulmans et utilisé comme base de ses opérations, a rapidement donné naissance à la ville de Kairouan, qui fait actuellement partie de la Tunisie[7]. La grande mosquée de Kairouan est tres interessante à visiter. Editions Oxford University Press, more or less the aspect the Great Mosque has retained Découvrez ce qu'en pensent les voyageurs : À faire près de Grande Mosquée de Kairouan, Excursion d’une journée à Kairouan et à El Jem au départ de Tunis, Visite privée d'une journée, amphithéâtre Kairaouan et El Djem. The oldest boards date back to the Aghlabid period (ninth century) and are decorated with scrolls and rosettes on a red background consists of squares with concave sides in which are inscribed four-petaled flowers in green and blue, and those performed by the Zirid dynasty (eleventh century) are characterised by inscriptions in black kufic writing with gold rim and the uprights of the letters end with lobed florets, all on a brown background adorned with simple floral patterns. [60], View of the gallery which precedes the prayer hall, One of the seventeen carved-wood doors of the prayer hall, Close view of the upper part of the main door of the prayer hall, View of the central nave of the prayer hall, View of two of the secondary naves of the prayer hall, View of the mihrab located in the middle of the qibla wall of the prayer hall, In the prayer hall, the 414 columns of marble, granite or porphyry[69] (among more than 500 columns in the whole mosque),[70] taken from ancient sites in the country such as Sbeitla, Carthage, Hadrumetum and Chemtou,[60] support the horseshoe arches. ancient sites dating to different periods predating Évitez ces sangsues autant que possible. [7] The fame of the Mosque of Uqba and of the other holy sites at Kairouan helped the city to develop and expand. This collection is a unique source for studying the history and evolution of calligraphy of medieval manuscripts in the Maghreb, covering the period from the ninth to the eleventh century. Oqba Ibn Nafi (en arabe : عقبة بن نافع (ʿOqba ibn Nāfiʿ)[note 1]), né en 622 à La Mecque (actuelle Arabie saoudite), et mort en 683 à Sidi Okba (actuelle Algérie)[1], est un gouverneur et général arabe au service du califat des Rachidoune sous le règne d'Omar, puis plus tard, le califat omeyyade sous les règnes de Muawiya Ier et Yazid Ier. Si le système détecte un problème avec un avis, celui-ci est manuellement examiné par notre équipe de spécialistes de contenu, qui contrôle également tous les avis qui nous sont signalés après publication par notre communauté. Des mots aux modes de spatialisation », Enceinte et porches de la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan, Fondation de la Grande Mosquée de Kairouan. Their use probably dates to the work done under the Umayyad governor Bishr ibn Safwan in about 725 AD, and they have been reused at the base of the tower. Centre italien d’études du haut Moyen Âge, Lucien Golvin, « Le mihrab de Kairouan », Kunst des Orients, vol. V, 1969, pp. The Great Mosque of Kairouan : ... general Okba Ibn Nafaa proceeded to build a seat for the government of the province of Ifriqiya and an oratory of mud-bricks, which, in the IXth century, after being remodelled several times, took on more or less the aspect the Great Mosque has retained to this day. [61] They cross with right angle in front of the mihrab, this device, named "T shape", which is also found in two Iraqi mosques in Samarra (around 847) has been adopted in many North African and Andalusian mosques where it became a feature. The upper edge of the minbar ramp is adorned with a rich and graceful vegetal decoration composed of alternately arranged foliated scrolls, each one containing a spread vine-leaf and a cluster of grapes. https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oqba_Ibn_Nafi_al-Fihri&oldid=175685163, Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité, Portail:Religions et croyances/Articles liés, Portail:Biographie/Articles liés/Militaire, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence. [71] The capitals resting on the column shafts offer a wide variety of shapes and styles (Corinthian, Ionic, Composite, etc.). [83] Probably made by cabinetmakers of Kairouan (some researchers also refer to Baghdad), it consists of an assembly of more than 300 finely carved wood pieces with an exceptional ornamental wealth (vegetal and geometric patterns refer to the Umayyad and Abbasid models), among which about 90 rectangular panels carved with plenty of pine cones, grape leaves, thin and flexible stems, lanceolate fruits and various geometric shapes (squares, diamonds, stars, etc.). Tunis, 1984, Those in white marble come from Italy,[60] some shafts located in the area of the mihrab are in red porphyry imported from Egypt,[73] while those made of greenish or pink marble are from quarries of Chemtou, in the north-west of current Tunisia. À Kairouan, Oqba ordonne la construction du siège du gouvernement et à côté sa Grande Mosquée, la plus ancienne du Maghreb et un des monuments les plus représentatifs de l'art et de l'architecture musulmane [7]. The Great Mosque of Kairouan (Arabic: جامع القيروان الأكبر‎), also known as the Mosque of Uqba (جامع عقبة بن نافع), is a mosque situated in the UNESCO World Heritage town of Kairouan, Tunisia and is one of the most impressive and largest Islamic monuments in North Africa. Among the authors who have written on the subject and whose stories have survived[31] are Al-Bakri (Andalusian geographer and historian who died in 1094 and who devoted a sufficiently detailed account of the history of the mosque in his book Description of Septentrional Africa), Al-Nuwayri (historian who died in Egypt, 1332) and Ibn Nagi (scholar and historian of Kairouan who died around 1435). [2] Its perimeter, of about 405 metres (1,329 ft), contains a hypostyle prayer hall, a marble-paved courtyard and a square minaret. The niche of the mihrab is two metres long, 4.5 metres high and 1.6 metres deep. Ces premières incursions musulmanes dans les territoires byzantins d'Afrique n'impliquent pas une occupation permanente, les troupes retournant dans leurs bases égyptiennes. Il commence par attaquer les dernières places fortes byzantines situées entre Gabès et l’endroit où il avait décidé de créer une base militaire et d’installer le centre politique (miṣr) de sa province. Nous vous présentons ces régions en les répartissant, par commodité, en trois zones : le nord, le centre et le sud. [9] With the decline of the city from the mid-11th century, the centre of intellectual thought moved to the University of Ez-Zitouna in Tunis.[10]. [85] Its main adornment is a frieze that crowns calligraphy, the latter surmounted by a line of pointed openwork merlons, features an inscription in flowery kufic character carved on the background of interlacing plants. wooden panels composing the minbar, the preacher’s However given the natural lay of the land crossed by several tributaries of the wadis, the urban development of the city spread southwards. The three chains, connected by a suspension ring, are each fixed to the plate by an almond-shaped finial. For all these reasons, the mosque which once occupied the center of the medina when first built in 670 is now on the easternmost quarter abutting the city walls. [13][14], At the foundation of Kairouan in 670, the Arab general and conqueror Uqba ibn Nafi (himself the founder of the city) chose the site of his mosque in the center of the city, near the headquarters of the governor. [60], The hypostyle hall is divided into 17 aisles of eight bays, the central nave is wider, as well as the bay along the wall of the qibla. éditions Maison Tiers-Monde, [72] The shafts of the columns are carved in marble of different colors and different backgrounds. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Son tombeau se trouve au centre de l'agglomération de Sidi Okba, à Biskra, en Algérie. It is the oldest minaret in the Muslim world,[53][54] and it is also the world's oldest minaret still standing. On accède à la salle de prière « Beit El Salat » par l’une des neuf porte du côté sud de la cour, la salle possède plus de 400 colonnes de marbres qui furent rapportées de plusieurs sites antique comme celui de Carthage. [60] The wooden rods, which usually sink to the base of the transom, connect the columns together and maintain the spacing of the arches, thus enhancing the stability of all structures which support the ceiling of the prayer hall.[74]. Wooden brackets offer a wide variety of style and decor in the shape of a crow or a grasshopper with wings or fixed, they are characterised by a setting that combines floral painted or carved, with grooves. The rainwater collector or impluvium, probably the work of the Muradid Bey Mohamed Bey al-Mouradi (1686–1696), is an ingenious system that ensures the capture (with the slightly sloping surface of the courtyard) then filtering stormwater at a central basin furnished with horseshoe arches sculpted in white marble.

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