hassan 2 mosque history

It showcases art pieces from various traditional Moroccan arts as well as unused architectural elements of the mosque, such as carved stucco, painted wood ceilings, and zellij walls. Historical Mosquee Hassan II The Hassan II Mosque was built under the reign and directives of King Hassan II. The construction work involved engagement of 35,000 workers and working of over 50 million hours. [9], Construction costs, estimated to be about 585 million euro, were an issue of debate in Morocco, a lower mid-income country. [21] The roof is covered with cast-aluminium tiles, (similar to the Fez tiles), stronger and more reliable than traditional ceramic tiles, and about 35 percent lighter. Around 1980, King Hassan the II commissioned the mosque because he felt that Casablanca lacked impressive and beautiful buildings and a true landmark for the city. [12] The first-class sound system is discreetly hidden. This was built 5 metres (16 ft) below the highest water level. The story around the Hassan II Mosque is quite impressive. [6] It is square in shape thrusting skyward. The design of this work was the result of collaboration between the office of the French architect Michelle PINSEAU and the various Moroccan artisanal bodies that have created and revive by the hand of maâlem (master) beauty and the splendid seal of Moroccan architecture. Its minaret is the world's tallest at 210 metres (689 ft). [22] It has a laser beam fitted at the top, which is electronically operated in the evening. 01.06.2019 . [16] It is ornamented with pale blue marble and Zellige tilework. The museum opened its doors to the public after the construction of the mosque. The cedar wood domes were fixed to frames made with 971 t of stainless steel and suspended from the reinforced concrete structure. The king Hassan II Casablanca mosque is the largest mosque in Africa paper writers college interesting research topics for high school students, and the 5th largest in the world. The dome, arches and walls give a grand ambiance to the mosque. The exterior surfaces of the mosque display titanium, bronze, and granite finishes. The minaret is said to enhance the visual alignment of the boulevard. Its minaret is the world’s tallest minaret at 210 metres (689 ft).Completed in 1993, it was designed by Michel Pinseau and built by Bouygues. [21] The works were carried out in four phases. Its layout is known as the basilican plan, which is different from the common practice of a T shaped plan adopted in many North African countries. Hassan II Mosque is actually unique in its architecture and size. The marble and granite coverings of Moroccan origin represent 50 hectares of area with an average thickness of 14 cm. [9], Work commenced on July 12, 1986,[13] and was conducted over a seven-year period. The adoption of this plan has been described as "a conflict between King Hassan II the ancient aristocrat and King Hassan II the contemporary leader who must develop commerce and industry in order meet the needs of his country. [5] The ablution room and a vast public hammam are in the basement, with its own entrance. Planned on the site of the former municipal swimming pool, its construction began on July 12, 1986 and its inauguration took place on August 30, 1993, after seven years of work. "[9] The 41 fountains[11] in the courtyard are all well decorated. Read more + Visits Prices Change at The Complex of the Hassan Second Mosque. 10,000 artists and craftsmen participated in building and beautifying the mosque. glazed traditional from Fez but four times lighter. Hassan II Mosque is actually unique in its architecture and size. [21], Effective restoration works were instituted in April 2005. At the same time, he wanted to create a mausoleum to commemorate the late King Mohamed V. The mosque was … [2][3] Completed in 1993, it was designed by Michel Pinseau under the guidance of King Hassan II and built by Moroccan artisans from all over the kingdom. The realization of the whole work mobilized around 10,000 workers and artisans performing more than 80 million hours of work. It was dedicated to the Sovereign of Morocco. The formal inauguration was subsequently chosen to be the 11th Rabi' al-Awwal of the year 1414 of the Hijra, corresponding to 30 August 1993, which also marked the eve of the anniversary of Prophet Muhammad’s birth. Since the mosque … These were made from high-strength concrete with 2205 stainless steel reinforcements. His late Majesty Hassan II, may God rest his soul, laid the foundation stone of this mosque on 5 Dou Al Kiida 1406 of the Hegira, corresponding to July 11, 1986. This siting was accomplished by creating a platform linking a natural rock outcrop reclaimed from the sea,[7][8] where a swimming pool had previously been located. Mosquée Hassan II. The structures of the entire mosque are made of reinforced concrete covered with decorations from Moroccan craftsmanship. Two stories in height, it is constructed in a semi-circular shape, with abutting qibla wall and the mihrab section. The building is built partially on land and partially over the ocean. The largest are six meters in diameter, ten meters in height and weigh 1,200 kg. [4] The mosque stands on a promontory looking out to the Atlantic Ocean; worshippers can pray over the sea but there is no glass floor looking into the sea. The prayer hall is topped by a mobile roof of 3,400 m2 and 1,100 t which can move in five minutes thanks to a drive system. I want to build this mosque on the water, because God's throne is on the water. In the fourth phase, new exterior protection works were built using high-strength concrete with 2205 (conforming to UNS S 32205 EN 1.442 standards) stainless steel rods as reinforcements for effective erosion control. At 210 metres (690 ft) in height the minaret is the second tallest minaret in the world. In the first phase a leak-proof coffer dam was constructed to isolate and dry the work area. The walls are of hand-crafted marble and the roof is retractable. For the finishing and the religious objects, craftsmen from all over the kingdom helped to cover more than 53,000 m2 of carved wood and assembled more than 10,000 m2 of zellige representing 80 original motifs. The concrete quantity poured involved 100,000 cubic metres (3,500,000 cu ft) of non-reinforced bulk concrete and 10,000 cubic metres (350,000 cu ft) of high-strength concrete. [21] This enabled the building of a taller structure with due underpinning of the foundation, while adhering to the construction schedule. Earlier in this article, under "Architecture and Fittings" it is said that the whole building is 200 m long. However, the stability of protective structures at sea has proven to be insufficient and major work to strengthen the embankment has been underway since October 2006. The Hassan II Mosque (Arabic: مسجد الحسن الثاني‎, French: Grande Mosquée Hassan II) is a mosque in Casablanca, Morocco. Such panels, built with multicolored arches, engraved with ornamented floral designs, appear like a geometrical framework when viewed from the outside. The ten-lane boulevard with shopping avenues has its at the southern facade of the mosque and extends to the gates of the Palace Oued el Makhazine in the middle of the city. The building of this mosque on the Atlantic Ocean inspired by the Qur'anic verse "the throne of God was upon the water" was a pioneering idea intended to invite believers who go to this mosque to remember the greatness of God who created the sea and the sky. [11] Six thousand traditional Moroccan artisans worked for five years to create the abundant and beautiful mosaics, stone and marble floors and columns, sculpted plaster moldings, and carved and painted wood ceilings. [16] Tadelakt, a plastering technique which adds egg yolks and black soap into mixed plaster, was used in the hammam baths. The central hall is undulating with a succession of numerous domes from which glass chandeliers, imported from Murano, are hung. "[12] In 1980, during his birthday celebrations, Hassan II had made his ambitions very clear for creating a single landmark monument in Casablanca by stating:[3]. This was achieved by the Science Department of the Bouygues Group, the contractors for the project, who developed an extra-strength concrete four times stronger than ordinary concrete. Structural deterioration in the concrete wall was observed ten years after the mosque's completion. La Mosquée Hassan II est un lieu de culte et de recueillement, et afin que les visites se déroulent dans les meilleures conditions, vous êtes priés de vous conformer aux règles suivantes : Portez des habits qui couvrent les épaules, le torse et arrivent en dessous des genoux. [2] However, the building was not completed on schedule which delayed inauguration. The woodcarvings, the zellij work and the stucco mouldings are of elaborate and highly impressive design; the wood used for carving is cedar from the middle Atlas mountains, the marble is from Agadir and granite is brought from Tafraoute. There are stitches of roudani tracetine on a 100,000 MP surface. Called B.H.P (highly resistant concrete), it offers a resistance to compression value of 1200 bars per sqcm (claimed to be a world record) and has a very quick setting time. From the nearest train station at Casa-Port it is about a 20-minute walk to the mosque. Planned on the site of the former municipal swimming pool, its construction began on July 12, 1986 and its inauguration took place on August 30, 1993, after seven years of work. [9] The smallest contribution was 5 DH. To build the minaret, a crane with a record height of 210 m was installed. The traditionally designed madrasa occupies an area of 4,840 square metres (52,100 sq ft) including the basement. The decorations in the hall are elaborate and exquisite made possible by involving 6000 master artisans of Morocco working on it. Subject to very severe climatic constraints (swell, humidity, spray) Hassan II mosque has, despite constant maintenance, shown signs of early aging in 1998 (cracks, falling formwork panels), found the Associated Press. The idea of building a large mosque in Casablanca reflects the Royal will to provide the Casablanca metropolis with a great spiritual and civilizational monument of Morocco, giving it a harmonious urban development and allowing it to increase its radiance and influence based on faith, piety and tolerance. The central hall is centrally heated, and provides spectacular underwater views of the Atlantic Ocean. [12] It displays elements found in other Moroccan buildings such as the unfinished mosque in Rabat and the Koutoubia Mosque in Marrakesh. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Geometrically shaped polychromatic zellji with carved plaster are noted with floral and geometric designs with epigraphy. In the third phase, the structural slabs and pillars on the exterior part of mosque exposed to the sea were demolished; 6,000 cubic metres (210,000 cu ft) of concrete was removed. There are features from an old Roman fort converted into the tomb of King Mohammed V of Rabat. It is so large that it can easily accommodate the house of the Notre Dame of Paris or St Peter's of Rome. [9] It was designed by the French architect Michel Pinseau who had lived in Morocco, and was constructed by the civil engineering group Bouygues. [18] The mosque has capacity to accommodate 25,000 devotees for prayers in the main hall and another 80,000 in the plaza squares around it. Even though the many structural changes were made as per detailed design, still during execution of works, 100 external pillars, called “combs” because of their wave breaking characteristics, were exposed to salt water and wave action and had to be replaced with new pillars. Apart from the mosque, other structures in the area are a madrasa (Islamic school), hammams (bathhouses), a museum on Moroccan history, conference halls, and a very large library said to be the "most comprehensive in the Islamic world. The historical context of the mosque began with the death of King Mohammed V in 1961. The basilical plan of the mosque justifies this layout of the boulevard. The central nave of the hall is 40 metres (130 ft) and larger than the side naves which are 27 metres (89 ft) high. The sculpted and painted plaster was entirely worked on site by 1,500 maâlems over more than 67,000 m2. Through this architectural masterpiece, His Majesty Hassan II wanted to highlight the importance and value of the mosque among Moroccans throughout history, just as He wanted to show that this place of worship has played an important role in the promotion of authentic architectural art and the preservation of the civilizational heritage, especially since the Casablanca Hassan II mosque reflects the great talents of the Moroccan Artisan. This is expected to enhance the building's life by 100 years. [17] A particular feature in the mosque is that all structures are made of reinforced cement concrete and all decorations are of traditional Moroccan design. While Hassan wished to build a mosque which would be second in size only to the mosque at Mecca, the government lacked funds for such a grand project. [8], The prayer hall is built to a rectangular plan of 200 metres (660 ft) length and 100 metres (330 ft)[20] width with three naves, which are perpendicular to the qibla wall. Shorts et sans manches sont absolument interdits. Masjid Al-Hassan Thani, Masjid Hassan Thani, Masjid Sultan Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco 33°36′26.4″N 7°37′57.2″W Islam Mosque 1986 1993 King Hassan II King of Morocco Largest in the country Moorish French architect Michel Pinseau 90000m² 1 1 210m (689 ft) 105,000 The prayer hall is also illuminated by light from the glass gates on the northern wall.[21]. [18], The roof is retractable, illuminating the hall with daytime sunlight and allowing worshippers to pray under the stars on clear nights. Construction was scheduled to be completed in 1989 ready for Hassan II's 60th birthday. [13] It weighs 1100 tons and can be opened in five minutes; it measures 60 metres (200 ft) high, with an area of 3,400 square metres (37,000 sq ft). The pillars of 13 metres (43 ft) height are square in shape with engaged columns and cruciform joining a series of pillars. Two large breakwaters were also built, to protect the mosque from the erosive action of the ocean waves, which can be up to 10 metres (33 ft) in height. In addition to public donations and those from business establishments and Arab countries (such as Kuwait and Saudi Arabia), western countries provided construction loans, which Morocco repaid.[4]. "[12], The prayer hall is on the ground floor. Last edited on 10 November 2020, at 23:26, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hassan_II_Mosque&oldid=988083014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 105,000 (25,000 indoors, additional 80,000 on Mosque's grounds), This page was last edited on 10 November 2020, at 23:26. [14] Twelve million people donated to the cause, with a receipt and certificate given to every donor. The garden around the mosque is well tended and is a popular location for family picnics. It is the largest functioning mosque in Africa and is the 7th largest in the world. The building was commissioned by King Hassan II to be the most ambitious structure ever built in Morocco. - Mosquée Hassan 2 The gates are embellished with marble bars which have faux voussoirs (alternately smooth or sculpted). This decorative material (with chrome and green as dominant colours), is a substitute for the use of bricks, the material used in many other notable minarets, and has given the mosque an extraordinary elegance. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); The Hassan II Mosque was built under the reign and directives of King Hassan II. Much of the financing was by public subscription. The doors are electrically operated. [citation needed] Its minaret is the world's second tallest minaret at 210 metres (689 ft). Other elements come from the Tour Hassan Mosque, the Dome of the Rock (also known as Qubbat al Sakhra 688–692 AD), the Great Mosque of Madina (705–710 AD), Kairouan Mosque in Tunisia (663 AD), the Great Mosque of Damascus (705–715 AD), the Great Mosque of Cordoba (785–786 AD), Quarawiyyin Mosque (956 and 1135 AD) in Morocco, the Great Mosque of Tlemcen (1136), and Djamaa el Kebir (1096). Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. [21], Minaret's reflection on the Atlantic water. All of these works involved use of 1300 tons of special steel (with 40 tons of Mo) of 8–20 millimetres (0.31–0.79 in) bars with yield strength of 850 N per mm2. Cranes were also designed to suit the height of the minaret for concreting. The Hassan II Mosque (Arabic: مسجد الحسن الثاني ‎, French: Grande Mosquée Hassan II) is a mosque in Casablanca, Morocco.It is the largest functioning mosque in Africa and is the 7th largest in the world. The minaret is 60 stories high topped by a laser, the light from which is directed towards Mecca. [6], The mosque rises above the Atlantic Ocean. [19], The building blends Islamic architecture and Moroccan elements, and reflects Moorish influences, while featuring an urban design. History; Visits; Prayer Times Asr 16:24 GMT. This building was thus inaugurated on the occasion of the celebration by the Muslim world of aid al mawlid 12 Rabi I 1414 AH corresponding to August 30, 1993. The Hassan II Mosque or Grande Mosquée Hassan II (Arabic: مسجد الحسن الثاني ‎; colloquially the "Casablanca Hajj") is a mosque in Casablanca, Morocco.It is the largest mosque in Morocco, the second largest in Africa, and the 5th largest in the world. [22] The concrete used for the minaret was a special high-grade type, which could perform well under severe conditions of a combined action of strong wind and seismicity. The entire work was done at a cost of 50 million euros. In the second phase, the voids seen in the prayer hall were filled with concrete. Notable architectural features include the conspicuous columns, the horseshoe arches, and the innumerable muqarnas embellishing the ceilings. [21] This involved use of moly-grade stainless steel combined with high-grade concrete to make the structure resistant to chloride attack, a process that evolved during 3 years of research. [3], The mosque is located at Bd Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah in Casablanca. Casablanca mosque – king Hassan 2 Mosque of Casablanca. Since the mosque is located on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, the foundations required 26,000 m of concrete and 60,000 m of riprap in order to combat the effects of the swell. Covering the roof required the installation of 300,000 specially made cast aluminum tiles by the Bouygues group teams led by Aldo Carbonaro (project director) and Abdelatif Haboubi (site manager), imitating the terracotta tile. All of the granite, plaster, marble, wood and other materials used in the construction, were extracted from around Morocco, with the exception of some Italian white granite columns and 56 glass chandeliers. Salt water migrating into the porous concrete caused the rusting of the rebar steel reinforcements resulting in expansion of the steel and causing cracking of concrete.

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