épouse de louis 16
Louis XVI was an affectionate father, who delighted in spoiling his daughter, while her mother was stricter. On 21 January 1793, Louis XVI was executed on the guillotine, at which time Marie-Thérèse's young brother Louis Charles was recognized as King Louis XVII of France by the royalists. Ô mon père, veillez sur moi du haut du Ciel. Elle ne peut obtenir de savoir des nouvelles de sa mère, pas même d'être réunie à elle quoiqu'elle l'ait demandé mille fois. She has also been portrayed in the following: Marie-Thérèse was a descendant of the Holy Roman Emperors through her mother, Archduchess Marie-Antoinette of Austria who was a daughter of Empress Maria Theresa I, Holy Roman Empress; The Empress wanted all her eldest granddaughters to be named after her. En savoir plus sur notre politique de confidentialité. Publié ou mis à jour le : 2020-05-17 08:27:46. On 13 February 1820, tragedy struck when the comte d'Artois' younger son, the duc de Berry, was assassinated by the anti-Bourbon and Bonapartist sympathiser Pierre Louvel, a saddler. Le mercredi 16 mai 1770, Marie-Antoinette (14 ans) épouse Louis (16 ans), petit-fils du roi de France Louis XV et futur Louis XVI. Françoise d'Aubigné, veuve Scarron, marquise de Maintenon (1635-1719), qui fut la gouvernante des enfants légitimés de Louis XIV et de Madame de Montespan. The worsening political situation, however, had little effect on Marie-Thérèse, as more immediate tragedies struck when her younger sister, Sophie, died in 1787,[10] followed two years later by the Dauphin, Louis-Joseph, who died of tuberculosis, on 4 June 1789,[10] one day after the opening of the Estates-General. L'archiduchesse Marie-Antoinette est le quinzième et avant-dernier enfant de Marie-Thérèse de Habsbourg, impératrice d'Allemagne, et de son mari François 1er de Lorraine. Social discontent mixed with a crippling budget deficit provoked an outburst of anti-absolutist sentiment. On 16 August, the family had reached the port of Cherbourg where they boarded a ship for Britain. Like her deceased uncle, Marie-Thérèse had remained a devout Roman Catholic. [29], The DNA testing revealed that the Dark Countess was not Marie-Thérèse, but rather, another woman whose identity remains a mystery. Her actions caused Napoléon to remark that she was "the only man in her family."[22]. En 1770, Louis épouse l'archiduchesse d'Autriche Marie Antoinette, fille cadette de l'empereur François 1er et de l'impératrice Marie-Thérèse. De leur union naîtront quatre enfants. [28] The woman, who gave her name as Sophie Botta, lived in a castle in the area from 1807 until her death in 1837, and never spoke in public,[29] or was seen outside without her face being veiled. Marie-Thérèse devotedly nursed her uncle through his last illness in 1836, when he died of cholera. She visited the site where her brother had died, and the Madeleine Cemetery where her parents were buried. Of the royal prisoners in the Temple, Marie-Thérèse Charlotte was the only one to survive the Reign of Terror. La mort prématurée de ses deux aînés en a fait l'héritier de la couronne sans y avoir été préparé. As the attacks upon the queen grew ever more vicious, the popularity of the monarchy plummeted. [28] She was accompanied by Leonardus Cornelius van der Valck, a secretary in the Dutch embassy in Paris from July 1798 to April 1799,[citation needed] and together they were known as the Dark Counts. When she had been informed of each of their fates, the distraught Marie-Thérèse began to cry, letting out loud sobs of anguish and grief.[16]:p.156. [3] As the daughter of the king of France, she was a fille de France, and as the eldest daughter of the king, she was styled Madame Royale at birth. D'une grande beauté, Marie-Antoinette souffre de la distance avec son époux qui ne consommera leur mariage qu'au bout de sept ans. With no children of his own, he wished his niece to marry her cousin, Louis-Antoine, duc d'Angoulême, son of his brother, the comte d'Artois. King Louis-Philippe had taken care of the arrangements for the departure and sailing of his cousins.[25]. [28] Possibly as she was too traumatised to resume a role in society,[28] but also as a result of a pregnancy, after abuse by her captors, which was referred to in a letter from a family friend, at the Spanish Court, in 1795. A son would have belonged to the state—you will belong to me.[5]. Inside the Court at Versailles, jealousies and xenophobia were the principal causes of resentment and anger toward Marie Antoinette. Le 19 avril 1770, elle se marie par procuration et le surlendemain, quitte à jamais Vienne pour Paris. Marie-Thérèse was baptized on the day of her birth. Louis XVIII died on 16 September 1824, and was succeeded by his younger brother, the comte d'Artois, as Charles X. Marie-Thérèse's husband was now heir to the throne, and she was addressed as Madame la Dauphine. [15] Remaining in their apartment in the Tower were Marie Antoinette, Marie-Thérèse and Madame Élisabeth, Louis XVI's youngest sister. Mais déjà les graines de la future révolution apparaissent. Later, the royal family left Prague and moved to the estate of Count Coronini near Gorizia, which was then Austrian but is in Italy today. Marie-Thérèse's household was headed by her governess, Princess Victorie of Rohan-Guéméné, who later had to resign due to her husband's bankruptcy and was replaced by one of the queen's closest friends, Yolande de Polastron, Duchesse de Polignac. In 1848, Louis Philippe's reign ended in a revolution and, for the second time, France became a Republic. Louis Auguste n'était pas destiné à devenir le souverain de France mais la mort du dauphin, son frère, en 1761 change la donne et le place en première ligne. During her imprisonment, Marie-Thérèse was never told what had happened to her family. Le Roi-Soleil, refroidi par les femmes, considérera qu'elles "attaquent le cœur du prince, comme une place". Marie-Thérèse found her return emotionally draining and she was distrustful of the many Frenchmen who had supported either the Republic or Napoleon. Those claimants caused the princess a good deal of distress. Louis XVIII attempted to steer a middle course between liberals and the Ultra-royalists led by the comte d'Artois. Pour l'occasion est inauguré l'opéra du palais de Versailles, une magnifique salle modulable où vont se dérouler successivement un festin, un concert et un bal pour 1500 courtisans, puis le lendemain un opéra, Persée, de Quinault et Lully. [6] She was named after her maternal grandmother, the reigning Empress Maria Theresa of Austria. En savoir plus, Herodote.net se développe avec le seul soutien de ses abonnés...En savoir plus, Oui,il y a des signes de mauvsis augure comme ça,ainsi le pensaient les Estruques,également le couronnement de Nicolas II.Espérons que l'avion de François Hollande frappé par la foudre aujourd'hui n'e... Lire la suite, A lire absolument "Marie-Antoinette" de Stefan Zweig, biographie remarquable tant du point de vue historique que par la qualité du style. After Napoléon was defeated at Waterloo on 18 June 1815, the House of Bourbon was restored for a second time, and Louis XVIII returned to France. [30] Some German historians believe she was the real Marie-Thérèse,[29] who had swapped places with her adoptive-sister, and possible half-sister, Ernestine Lambriquet, following the revolution. His father tried to persuade Louis XVIII against the marriage. A voir également "Le procès de Marie-Antoinette", à l'auditori... Lire la suite, Si les excès de la révolution ont conduit le roi et la reine à la guillotine, il ne faut cependant pas occulter les excès de l'absolutisme. Louis-Antoine was a shy, stammering young man. She was married to Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême, who was the eldest son of the future Charles X, her father's younger brother; thus the bride and groom were also first cousins. Vous pouvez également à tout moment revoir vos options en matière de ciblage. Marie-Thérèse arrived in Vienna on 9 January 1796, in the evening, twenty-two days after she had left the Temple.[19]. Les informations recueillies sont destinées à CCM Benchmark Group pour vous assurer l'envoi de votre newsletter. Her husband died in 1844 and was buried next to his father. He also attempted to suppress the many men who claimed to be Marie-Thérèse's long-lost younger brother, Louis XVII. However, in spite of the fact that Charles X had asked him to be regent for the young king, Louis-Philippe, duc d'Orléans accepted the crown when the Chambre des Députés named him King of the French. [9] She was the only one of her parents' four children to survive past age 10. "Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte" redirects here. While it is now generally agreed that the queen's actions did little to provoke such animosity, the damage these pamphlets inflicted upon the monarchy proved to be a catalyst for the upheaval to come. They moved into luxurious apartments in Prague Castle. Marie-Thérèse stayed in Bordeaux despite Napoléon's orders for her to be arrested when his army arrived. Her unpopularity with certain powerful members of the Court, including the Duke of Orléans, led to the printing and distribution of scurrilous pamphlets which accused her of a range of sexual depravities as well as of spending the country into financial ruin. Louis XVI, né le 23 août 1754 à Versailles et mort guillotiné le 21 janvier 1793 à Paris, est roi de France et de Navarre du 10 mai 1774 au 6 novembre 1789, puis roi des Français jusqu’au 21 septembre 1792.Il est le dernier roi de France de la période dite de l'Ancien Régime. Cette union est la concrétisation d'une alliance visant à améliorer les relations du Royaume de France avec l'Autriche. She became the Dauphine of France upon the accession of her father-in-law to the throne of France in 1824. [11], As the political situation deteriorated, Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette realized that their lives were in danger, and went along with the plan of escape organised with the help of Count Axel von Fersen. Marie-Antoinette Josèphe Jeanne de Habsbourg-Lorraine, née le 2 novembre 1755 à Vienne en Autriche et morte guillotinée le 16 octobre 1793 sur la place de la Révolution à Paris, est reine de France et de Navarre de 1774 à 1791, puis reine des Français de 1791 à 1792. After her marriage, she was known as the Duchess of Angoulême. When Marie Antoinette was taken to the Conciergerie one month later, in the night of 2 August, Marie-Thérèse was left in the care of her aunt Élisabeth who, in turn, was taken away on 9 May 1794 and executed the following day. Le 10 mai 1774, la mort du roi, fait du jeune homme le nouveau souverain, son père ayant disparu quelques années auparavant. [17], In late August 1795, Marie-Thérèse was finally told what had happened to her family, by Madame Renée de Chanterenne, her female companion. Vous bénéficiez d'un droit d'accès et de rectification de vos données personnelles, ainsi que celui d'en demander l'effacement dans les limites prévues par la loi. [8], Marie-Thérèse was joined by two brothers and a sister, Louis Joseph Xavier François, Dauphin of France, in 1781, Louis-Charles de France, Duke of Normandy, in 1785, and Sophie Hélène Béatrix, Madame Sophie, in 1786.
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